संज्ञाओं के संदर्भ में सभ्यता (लोदी मीडिया की ढहती सल्तनत-2)

laKk,a igpku dk vk/kkj gksrh gSaA laKk”kwU; gksuk igpkufoghu gksus tSlk gSA blhfy,] igpkux<+us dk dksbZ Hkh dke fdlh laKk ls izkjEHk gksrk gSA ;fn fdlh O;fDr ;k lekt ls mldh laKk, Nhu yh tk,a rks mlds lkeus igpku dk ladV [kMk gks tkrk gSA laKkvksa dh ;gh [kkfl;r mUgsa lkaLd`frd vkSj lkH;frd n`f’V ls egRoiw.kZ cuk nsrh gSA gj vkØkark nsj&losj mu laKkvksa dk uke cnyuk pkgrk gS] ftuls vkØkar lekt dh igpku tqM+h gqbZ gksrh gS D;ksafd laKk,a lkezkT;oknh ealwcksa ds lkeus lcls cM+h pqukSrh lkfcr gksrh jgh gSaA

igpku x<+us vkSj Le`fr dks thoar cuk, j[kus dh viuh {kerk ds dkj.k laKk,a vkSj lkezkT; izk;% vkeus&lkeus vk tkrs gSaA laKk,a fdlh lekt dh okLrfod igpku dks u dsoy mldh Le`fr esa u dsoy cuk, j[krh gSa cfYd ml igpku dks fQj ls LFkkfir djus gsrq la?k’kZ djus ds fy, izsfjr Hkh djrh gSA blfy, laKkgj.k ;k LkaKkifjorZu djds lkezkT;oknh “kfDr;ka vius lkezkT; dks LFkk;h cukus dk cankscLr djrh jgh gSaA vkØkarkvksa }kjk laKkvksa ds lkFk f[kyokM+ blfy, Hkh fd;k tkrk gS D;ksafd ;g ijk/khu lekt dks uhpk fn[kkus dk volj Hkh iznku djrk gSA

nwljh rjQ laLd`fr ds izfr laosnu”khy yksx ubZ laKkvksa dks lajf{kr j[kus dh dksf”k”k djrs gSa ;k vkjksfir laKkvksa ds LFkku ij ewy laKkvksa dh okilh ds fy, la?k’kZ djrs gSaA ,d lkaLd`frd O;fDr Hkyh izdkj ls ;g tkurk gS fd laKkvksa ds laj{k.k dk eryc viuh lH;rk&laLd`fr ds xq.klw=ksa dh j{kk djus tSlk gSA laKk cht gSA ;fn og v{kq..k cuh jgrh gS rks lkaLd`frd izokg Hkh dekscs”k cuk jgrk gSA laKk izsj.kk vkSj LoIu gSA mlesa cnyko dk eryc fdlh lH;rk ds LoIuksa vkSj izsj.kkvksa ij dCtk djuk gSA

,d lH;rk ds :i es yxHkx lk

gky esa bykgkckn vkSj QStkckn dk ^iquukZedj.k laLdkj^ gksus ds ckn uke vkSj ukedj.k dks ysdj Hkkjrh; ehfM;k esa ;dk;d ppkZvksa dh ck<+ vk xbZA Hkkjr ds lkaLd`frd vfHkdsUnzksa eas “kkfey jgs iz;kx vkSj v;ks/;k dks mudh ewylaKk ls lEcksf/kr fd, tkus ds ckn Hkkjrh; ehfM;k esa bl eqn~ns dks ysdj ftl rjg dh fNNyh ppkZ,a dh xbZ vkSj lrgh n`f’Vdks.k ls fo”ys’k.k fd;k x;k] mlls ;g t:jh gks x;k fd laKkvksa ls lEcaf/kr ijEIkjkxr Hkkjrh; n`f’Vdks.k ls ifjfpr gqvk tk,A

mRrj izns”k esa ijEijkxr laKkRed psruk dh dqN LFkkuksa ij gqbZ vfHkO;fDr ds ckn ehfM;k esa tks cgl pyh ;k pykbZ xbZ] og eq[;r% pkj rdksZ ds vk/kkj ij x<+h xbZA v;ks/;k vkSj iz;kxjkt igyh ;g fd uke esa D;k j[kk gS] fdlh dk dqN Hkh uke j[kk tk ldrk gSA nwljk rdZ ;g x<+k x;k fd yksxksa ds fodkl vkSj ewyHkwr t:jrksa dks iwjk djus ij /;ku nsuk pkfg,A uke cnyus ls oLrqfLFkfr FkksM+h gh cny tkrh gSA rhljs rdZ dk lgkjk dqN ekSykukuqek yksxkas us fy;k vkSj ;g dgk fd ;fn ukedj.k djuk gh gS rks u, “kgjksa dks clkdj mudk ukedj.k dj fn;k tk,A vkSj ;g Hkh fd ukedj.k bfrgkl ds lkFk f[kyokM+ gSA

bu pkj rdksZa dks ;fn Hkkjrh; ifjizs{; esa fo”ys’k.k fd;k tk, rks ;g Li’V gks tkrk gS fd yksnh ehfM;k ds ;s rhuksa rdZ u dsoy HkkasFkjs gSa cfYd mudh lkaLd`frd fuj{kjrk ds |ksrd Hkh gSaA Hkkjr esa xq.k/keZ ds vk/kkj ij ukedj.k djus dh ijEijk jgk gSA ppkZ esa jgs v;ks/;k ;k iz;kx ds ukedj.k dk mudh fo”ks’krkvksa vkSj bfrgkl ls xgjk lEca/k gSA  v;ks/;k dk eryc tks ;ks/; ugh gSa] ftls ;q) esa thrk ugha tk ldrkA iz;kx ds ukedj.k dk lEca/k Hkh czg~ek ds izFke ;K ls gSA dsoy v;ks/;k ;k iz;kx dk gh ugha] O;fDr;ksa ;k LFkkuksa dk ukedj.k mlds xq.k/keksZa ds fuf”pr djus dh ijEijk jgh gSaA LkaKkvksa dks ysdj bl vfr”k; laosnu”khyrk ds dkj.k gh Hkkjr esa fu#Dr tSlk ,d iw.kZ “kkL= vfLrRo esa vk;k vkSj ukedj.k dks lksyg laLdkjksa esa “kkfey fd;k x;kA vc ftUgsa VkWe] fMd] gSjh esa ls dqN Hkh pqu ysus dh vknr gS] og fuf”pr uke ds vkxzg vkSj ukeksa ds vonku dks Lohdkj dj ik,a] ;g eqf”dy gSA

Hkkjr esa ukeksa dh fdruh egRrk gS fd bldk vanktk blh ckr yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd Hkkjrh;ksa us dqN vFkksaZ esa uke dh efgek [kwc xkbZ gSA rqylhnkl th jkeuke dks gh loksZRre rhFkZ eku ysrs gSaA

dklh fcf/k cfl ruq rtsa] gfB ruq rtsa iz;kxA

Rqylh tks Qy lks lqyHk jke&uke vuqjkxAA

;kuh fof/kiwoZd dk”kh esa jgdj “kjhj R;kxus ls vkSj iz;kx esa gBiwoZd “kjhj R;kxus ls tks eks{k :ih Qy feyrk gS] og jke uke esa vuqjkx gksus ls fey tkrk gSA

rqylhnkl th us jke pfjr ekul esa uke dh foLr`r efgek xkbZ gSA og *dks cM+ NksV dgr vijk/kw] lqfu xqu Hksnq leqf>gfga lk/kw* dgdj :Ik vkSj uke dh rqyuk ls cprs gSa ysfdu vkxs tkdj ;g Hkh dg nsrs gSa  ysfdu :Ik dks uke ds v/khu crkus esa Hkh ugha fgpdrs gSa&nsf[kvfga :Ik uke v/khukA :Ik X;ku ufga uke foghukA og uke esa vuqjkx j[kus okys HkDrksa dks ges”kk eaxy gh gksrk gS&Hkk; dqHkk; vu[k vkylgwaA uke tir eaxy fnfl nlgwaA

uke&efgek dk ;g fparu] v{kj dks vfouk”kh vkSj “kCn dks czg~e ekuus okyh o`gn nk”kZfud :Ik dk izfrQy gSA blhdkj.k] Hkkjrh; ijEIkjk v’VksRrj”krukekoyh] lglzukekoyh tSlh ijEijkvksa dk fodkl gqvkA iz;kx vkSj v;ks/;k ds ukedj.k dks bl ifjizs{; esa ns[kus ij ;g Li’V gks tkrk gS fd ;g Hkkjrh; tuekul dks mldh okLrfod Le`fr;ksa ls tksM+us okyk vko”;d lkaLd`frd deZ gSA

bfrgkldkj gksus dk nkok djus okyh ,d Vksyh us ;g rdZ x

Li’V gS ukedj.k dks ysdj Hkkjrh; ijEijk cgqr ltx vkSj lqO;ofLFkr jgh gSA blesa fdlh dk Hkh] dqN Hkh uke j[k nsus okys fparu ds fy, Lisl u ds cjkcj jgk gSA ukedj.k ls lEcaf/kr ijEijkxr cks/k ds Nhtus ds ckotwn vkt Hkh ,d lkekU; Hkkjrh; ifjokj esa tUes uotkr dk ukedj.k mldh tUedqaMyh ds vk/kkj ij laHkkfor xq.kksa vkSj fo”ks’krkvksa dk /;ku esa j[kdj fd;k tkrk gSA ,sls esa de ls de Hkkjrh; lanHkksZa esa rks ;g rdZ gkL;kLin gh dgk tk,xk fd uke esa D;k j[kk gS \ fdlh dk dqN Hkh uke j[kk tk ldrk gSA

nwljk rdZ ;g gS fn;k x;k fd uke cnyus ls oLrqfLFkr FkksM+h gh cnyrh gSA gka] ;g lp gS fd uke cnyus ls rqjar OkLrqfLFkfr esa rks dksbZ cnyko ugha vkrk ysfdu ;g Hkh mruk gh lp gS fd blls gekjh psruk dh izfØ;k vkSj cks/kkRed Lo:Ik esa rqjar gh cnyko vk tkrk gSA ;g cks/kkRed cnyko nsj&losj oLrqfLFkfr esa cnyko dk dkj.k curk gSA ukedj.k] fodkl dh izfØ;k vkSj lkaLd`frd cks/k esa lEca/k LFkkfir  dj OkLrqfLFkfr esa cnyko dk etcwr vkSj nwjxkeh vk/kkj l`ftr djrk gSA fodkl dh fn”kk ;fn LkkaLd`frd&cks/k ls “kwU; gS rks ,slk fodkl u LFkk;h gksrk gS vkSj u gh “kqHkA ,slk fodkl varr% jko.k dh yadk cukrk gS] tks lksus dh gksrs gq, vukpkj dk i;kZ; curh gSA blfy, fodkl vkSj lkaLd`frd cks/k dks lkFk ykus dk dk;Z mfpr ukedj.k djus ;k ewy ukeksa dks iqu% LFkkfir djus ls izkjaHk gksrk gSA ukedj.k rqjar cnyko ugha iSnk djrk ysfdu ;g ,slk cks/k iSnk djrk gS ] ftlls cnyko dh laHkkouk,a iSnk gksrh gSaA

tgka rd u, “kgjksa dks clkdj mudk ukedj.k djus dh ckr gS rks vkn”kZ fLFkfr esa ,slk gh gksuk pkfg,A ysfdu ;g rdZ mu “kgjksa ds lanHkZ esa vius&vki izklafxd gks tkrk gS] ftuds izkphu ukeksa dks vkØkarkvksa us tcju cny fn;kA v;ks/;k ;k iz;kx izkphu uxj Fks] bu uxjksa ls gh vkl&ikl ds {ks=ksa dh igpku gksrh FkhA bu uxjksa dks vkØe.kdkfj;ksa us rks ugha clk;k FkkA /kkfeZd&lkaLd`frd dkj.kksa bu iqjkus “kgjksa dks u, uke ns fn, x;s FksA blfy, lkaLd`frd n`f’V ls ccZj yksxksa us fcuk “kgj clk, u, ukedj.k djus dh tks Hkwy dh Fkh] mldk ifjektZu fd;k tkuk vko”;d gks tkrk gSA v;ks/;k vkSj iz;kx dks mudk ewy LkEcks/ku iqu% iznku dj ,slk gh vko”;d ifjektZu fd;k x;k gSA

bfrgkl ds lkFk f[kyokM djus dh ckr rks iwjh rjg ns”kcks/k vkSj dkycks/k ls tqM+k cks/k gSA ;fn vki dk bfrgkl 11 oh “krkCnh ;k 15 oha “krkCnh rd tkrk gS rks uSlfxZd uke nsus ds ljdkjh izfØ;k bfrgkl ds lkFk f[kyokM+ yxsxh ysfdu ;fn vkidk bfrgkl cks/k blls vkSj vkxs tkrk gS rks ;g bfrgkl ds lkFk fd, x, f[kyokM+ dks Bhd djus tSlk gksxkA ekeyk n`f’V dk gS] dksbZ 11 “krkCnh ds ckn ds ?kVukØe dks gh bfrgkl ekurk gS rks [kqn gh bfrgkl ds lkFk f[kyokM+ dj jgk gSA

tgka rd fQtwy[kphZ dh ckr gS rks ge lHkh ;g tkurs gSa fd vFkZ dk lcls vPNk fuos”k cks/k] Kku vkSj f”k{kk ds {ks= esa gh gks ldrk gSA bu {ks=ksa esa fd;k x;k fuos”k varr% vkfFkZd n`f’V ls Hkh ykHkdkjh lkfcr gksrk gSA uSlfxZd uke dh okilh cks/k esa cnyko ds fy, cgqr t:jh gS vkSj bleas gksus okys vkfFkZd [kpsZ dks vko”;d fuos”k ekudj Lohdkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ;gka bl rF; dks Hkh /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd ykycq>Dd.kksa dh ,d Vksyh vkfFkZd [kpsZ dk rdZ rHkh nsrh gS tc ns”k dqN ewYkHkwr vkSj egRoiw.kZ gkfly djus dh fn”kk esa vxzlj gksrk gSA iks[kj.k ds le; Hkh [kpZs dk jksuk&jks;k x;k Fkk] eaxy;ku ds le; Hkh vkSj v;ks/;k vkSj iz;kx ds ukeksa dks ysdj jksth&jksVh dh nqgkb;ka nh tk jgh gSA jksth&jksVh dk iz”u egRoiw.kZ gSA ysfdu ges”kk lkaLd`frd Hkko&cks/k ;k ewyHkwr “kks/k ds fojks/k esa tkdj gh jksth&jksVh dk iz”u mBkuk “kkfrjkuk gjdr gh dgh tk,xhA

tks ;g ekurs gSa fd lkaLd`frd Lora=rk ds fy, la?k’kZ vc Hkh py jgk gS ] muds fy, uSlfxZd ukeksa dh okilh ,d vko”;d dne vkSj egRoiw.kZ miyfC/k dh rjg gSA vdknfed ‘kM~;a=ksa vkSj ehfM;kbZ Ny ls ijs tkdj vke tuekul dks VaVksys rks d`f=e ukeksa dk gVuk muds fy, ;g vjls ls dyts ij j[ks gq, iRFkj vkSj lEeku ij yxs gq, dyad ds gVus tSlk gSA Hkkjrh; tueu dk ;gh LFkk;h Hkko gSA